Skip to contents

This function detects multi-word expressions (collocations) of specified sizes that appear at least a specified number of times in the provided tokens.

Usage

detect_multi_words(tokens, size = 2:5, min_count = 2)

Arguments

tokens

A tokens object from the quanteda package.

size

A numeric vector specifying the sizes of the collocations to detect (default: 2:5).

min_count

The minimum number of occurrences for a collocation to be considered (default: 2).

Value

A character vector of detected collocations.

Examples

# \donttest{
  mydata <- TextAnalysisR::SpecialEduTech[seq_len(50), ]

  united_tbl <- TextAnalysisR::unite_cols(
    mydata,
    listed_vars = c("title", "keyword", "abstract")
  )

  tokens <- TextAnalysisR::prep_texts(united_tbl, text_field = "united_texts")

  collocations <- TextAnalysisR::detect_multi_words(tokens, size = 2:3, min_count = 2)
  print(collocations)
#>    [1] "assisted instruction"                
#>    [2] "computer assisted"                   
#>    [3] "learning disabilities"               
#>    [4] "disabled students"                   
#>    [5] "school students"                     
#>    [6] "high school"                         
#>    [7] "elementary school"                   
#>    [8] "mathematics achievement"             
#>    [9] "special education"                   
#>   [10] "disabilities mathematics"            
#>   [11] "this study"                          
#>   [12] "educable mentally"                   
#>   [13] "and practice"                        
#>   [14] "with learning"                       
#>   [15] "multiplication facts"                
#>   [16] "mathematics education"               
#>   [17] "problem solving"                     
#>   [18] "drill and"                           
#>   [19] "significant differences"             
#>   [20] "instructional design"                
#>   [21] "mildly handicapped"                  
#>   [22] "mentally handicapped"                
#>   [23] "learning disabled"                   
#>   [24] "students with"                       
#>   [25] "teacher assisted"                    
#>   [26] "effects of"                          
#>   [27] "indicated that"                      
#>   [28] "experimental groups"                 
#>   [29] "of the"                              
#>   [30] "curriculum based"                    
#>   [31] "control groups"                      
#>   [32] "disabled children"                   
#>   [33] "assisted instructional"              
#>   [34] "the effects"                         
#>   [35] "microcomputer assisted"              
#>   [36] "it is"                               
#>   [37] "determine whether"                   
#>   [38] "who had"                             
#>   [39] "learning handicapped"                
#>   [40] "mental handicaps"                    
#>   [41] "more effective"                      
#>   [42] "on the"                              
#>   [43] "control group"                       
#>   [44] "use of"                              
#>   [45] "no significant"                      
#>   [46] "handicapped children"                
#>   [47] "educable mental"                     
#>   [48] "computerized drill"                  
#>   [49] "addition subtraction"                
#>   [50] "highly structured"                   
#>   [51] "6th graders"                         
#>   [52] "multiplication skills"               
#>   [53] "video game"                          
#>   [54] "results indicated"                   
#>   [55] "study was"                           
#>   [56] "this article"                        
#>   [57] "word problem"                        
#>   [58] "per week"                            
#>   [59] "to be"                               
#>   [60] "mastered during"                     
#>   [61] "were found"                          
#>   [62] "mathematical ability"                
#>   [63] "minutes per"                         
#>   [64] "networking system"                   
#>   [65] "education special"                   
#>   [66] "relationship between"                
#>   [67] "without calculators"                 
#>   [68] "are discussed"                       
#>   [69] "arcade game"                         
#>   [70] "social studies"                      
#>   [71] "intellectual development"            
#>   [72] "3rd 6th"                             
#>   [73] "attitude toward"                     
#>   [74] "multiple baseline"                   
#>   [75] "in the"                              
#>   [76] "it was"                              
#>   [77] "effectiveness of"                    
#>   [78] "study examined"                      
#>   [79] "teaching methods"                    
#>   [80] "following treatment"                 
#>   [81] "was used"                            
#>   [82] "achievement test"                    
#>   [83] "as educable"                         
#>   [84] "baseline design"                     
#>   [85] "could be"                            
#>   [86] "task behavior"                       
#>   [87] "basic math"                          
#>   [88] "and division"                        
#>   [89] "for each"                            
#>   [90] "instructional procedure"             
#>   [91] "based on"                            
#>   [92] "basal group"                         
#>   [93] "do not"                              
#>   [94] "computer games"                      
#>   [95] "videodisc group"                     
#>   [96] "all subjects"                        
#>   [97] "subtraction multiplication"          
#>   [98] "microcomputer technology"            
#>   [99] "mathematical abilities"              
#>  [100] "per day"                             
#>  [101] "mild disabilities"                   
#>  [102] "computer software"                   
#>  [103] "mildly mentally"                     
#>  [104] "multiplication and"                  
#>  [105] "results indicate"                    
#>  [106] "was also"                            
#>  [107] "classified as"                       
#>  [108] "intermediate grades"                 
#>  [109] "the effectiveness"                   
#>  [110] "division facts"                      
#>  [111] "video arcade"                        
#>  [112] "child computers"                     
#>  [113] "grouping self"                       
#>  [114] "iq sex"                              
#>  [115] "literature review"                   
#>  [116] "post tests"                          
#>  [117] "several important"                   
#>  [118] "experimental group"                  
#>  [119] "secondary educable"                  
#>  [120] "mild mental"                         
#>  [121] "adolescents classified"              
#>  [122] "subjects were"                       
#>  [123] "was administered"                    
#>  [124] "videodisc program"                   
#>  [125] "counting strategies"                 
#>  [126] "higher retention"                    
#>  [127] "speed acquisition"                   
#>  [128] "they worked"                         
#>  [129] "correct responding"                  
#>  [130] "repeated measures"                   
#>  [131] "days per"                            
#>  [132] "calculators over"                    
#>  [133] "elementary secondary"                
#>  [134] "solution strategy"                   
#>  [135] "speed accuracy"                      
#>  [136] "word problems"                       
#>  [137] "skill acquisition"                   
#>  [138] "practice game"                       
#>  [139] "problems mastered"                   
#>  [140] "with specific"                       
#>  [141] "but had"                             
#>  [142] "grades through"                      
#>  [143] "which they"                          
#>  [144] "who completed"                       
#>  [145] "had not"                             
#>  [146] "self selected"                       
#>  [147] "teacher intervention"                
#>  [148] "mentally retarded"                   
#>  [149] "math achievement"                    
#>  [150] "special humans"                      
#>  [151] "old male"                            
#>  [152] "randomly assigned"                   
#>  [153] "scale iq"                            
#>  [154] "single subject"                      
#>  [155] "had higher"                          
#>  [156] "selected goals"                      
#>  [157] "only one"                            
#>  [158] "accuracy acquisition"                
#>  [159] "posttest scores"                     
#>  [160] "procedure intervention"              
#>  [161] "of multiplication"                   
#>  [162] "external locus"                      
#>  [163] "goal condition"                      
#>  [164] "to provide"                          
#>  [165] "specific learning"                   
#>  [166] "room programs"                       
#>  [167] "study investigated"                  
#>  [168] "aged children"                       
#>  [169] "game format"                         
#>  [170] "remedial teaching"                   
#>  [171] "over time"                           
#>  [172] "days after"                          
#>  [173] "educational technology"              
#>  [174] "written response"                    
#>  [175] "not achieved"                        
#>  [176] "time series"                         
#>  [177] "design across"                       
#>  [178] "it appears"                          
#>  [179] "maintenance test"                    
#>  [180] "retarded yr"                         
#>  [181] "such as"                             
#>  [182] "calculator on"                       
#>  [183] "ss completed"                        
#>  [184] "addition but"                        
#>  [185] "can provide"                         
#>  [186] "task within"                         
#>  [187] "per minute"                          
#>  [188] "performance iq"                      
#>  [189] "drills practice"                     
#>  [190] "solving task"                        
#>  [191] "secondary education"                 
#>  [192] "test scores"                         
#>  [193] "significantly more"                  
#>  [194] "computational performance"           
#>  [195] "simple addition"                     
#>  [196] "the experimental"                    
#>  [197] "immediately following"               
#>  [198] "significantly better"                
#>  [199] "arithmetic word"                     
#>  [200] "was employed"                        
#>  [201] "arcade games"                        
#>  [202] "graders computer"                    
#>  [203] "series design"                       
#>  [204] "achievement level"                   
#>  [205] "game environment"                    
#>  [206] "disabled adolescents"                
#>  [207] "automaticity in"                     
#>  [208] "significant effect"                  
#>  [209] "differences between"                 
#>  [210] "basic academic"                      
#>  [211] "across subjects"                     
#>  [212] "results suggest"                     
#>  [213] "pretest math"                        
#>  [214] "feedback procedures"                 
#>  [215] "differences in"                      
#>  [216] "grouping instructional"              
#>  [217] "indicate that"                       
#>  [218] "suggest that"                        
#>  [219] "pencil and"                          
#>  [220] "found between"                       
#>  [221] "found when"                          
#>  [222] "student classified"                  
#>  [223] "delivered feedback"                  
#>  [224] "children with"                       
#>  [225] "instructional methods"               
#>  [226] "instruction in"                      
#>  [227] "in addition"                         
#>  [228] "level sex"                           
#>  [229] "two curricula"                       
#>  [230] "to determine"                        
#>  [231] "can be"                              
#>  [232] "retention level"                     
#>  [233] "achieved automaticity"               
#>  [234] "had significant"                     
#>  [235] "selected from"                       
#>  [236] "information processing"              
#>  [237] "interactive videodisc"               
#>  [238] "student attitude"                    
#>  [239] "junior high"                         
#>  [240] "indicated significant"               
#>  [241] "basic skills"                        
#>  [242] "during computer"                     
#>  [243] "long division"                       
#>  [244] "design was"                          
#>  [245] "article is"                          
#>  [246] "arithmetic remedial"                 
#>  [247] "retarded ss"                         
#>  [248] "are available"                       
#>  [249] "structured program"                  
#>  [250] "an average"                          
#>  [251] "educational games"                   
#>  [252] "elementary aged"                     
#>  [253] "resource room"                       
#>  [254] "language arts"                       
#>  [255] "disabled elementary"                 
#>  [256] "instructional strategy"              
#>  [257] "basal curriculum"                    
#>  [258] "as an"                               
#>  [259] "there were"                          
#>  [260] "the calculator"                      
#>  [261] "conductance level"                   
#>  [262] "both groups"                         
#>  [263] "in grades"                           
#>  [264] "completed by"                        
#>  [265] "in mathematics"                      
#>  [266] "handicapped learners"                
#>  [267] "handicapped partner"                 
#>  [268] "groups were"                         
#>  [269] "each student"                        
#>  [270] "practice activities"                 
#>  [271] "academic skills"                     
#>  [272] "group based"                         
#>  [273] "general education"                   
#>  [274] "analysis of"                         
#>  [275] "traditional instruction"             
#>  [276] "either drill"                        
#>  [277] "yr old"                              
#>  [278] "instructional effectiveness"         
#>  [279] "three teachers"                      
#>  [280] "are presented"                       
#>  [281] "training study"                      
#>  [282] "hand held"                           
#>  [283] "held calculator"                     
#>  [284] "grade level"                         
#>  [285] "results also"                        
#>  [286] "educational microcomputer"           
#>  [287] "problems given"                      
#>  [288] "development disorder"                
#>  [289] "single digit"                        
#>  [290] "investigation was"                   
#>  [291] "attention problems"                  
#>  [292] "teach multiplication"                
#>  [293] "structured teacher"                  
#>  [294] "mathematics instruction"             
#>  [295] "addition facts"                      
#>  [296] "and paper"                           
#>  [297] "guidelines are"                      
#>  [298] "4th 6th"                             
#>  [299] "arithmetic facts"                    
#>  [300] "an investigation"                    
#>  [301] "problems completed"                  
#>  [302] "study compared"                      
#>  [303] "selected computer"                   
#>  [304] "self esteem"                         
#>  [305] "students computer"                   
#>  [306] "children while"                      
#>  [307] "improved performance"                
#>  [308] "teacher implementation"              
#>  [309] "full scale"                          
#>  [310] "half hour"                           
#>  [311] "internal external"                   
#>  [312] "particularly selective"              
#>  [313] "substantial increases"               
#>  [314] "visual cues"                         
#>  [315] "problems while"                      
#>  [316] "using computer"                      
#>  [317] "performance characteristics"         
#>  [318] "to work"                             
#>  [319] "practice program"                    
#>  [320] "attitude inventory"                  
#>  [321] "help seeking"                        
#>  [322] "loosely structured"                  
#>  [323] "group received"                      
#>  [324] "four groups"                         
#>  [325] "implications for"                    
#>  [326] "responding oral"                     
#>  [327] "selective attention"                 
#>  [328] "present study"                       
#>  [329] "arc ed"                              
#>  [330] "remedial education"                  
#>  [331] "game formats"                        
#>  [332] "the study"                           
#>  [333] "repeated practice"                   
#>  [334] "schools instructional"               
#>  [335] "following conclusions"               
#>  [336] "ss were"                             
#>  [337] "problems when"                       
#>  [338] "handicapped students"                
#>  [339] "in arithmetic"                       
#>  [340] "administered as"                     
#>  [341] "instructional procedures"            
#>  [342] "school aged"                         
#>  [343] "toward school"                       
#>  [344] "strategies for"                      
#>  [345] "conceptual understanding"            
#>  [346] "motivational features"               
#>  [347] "yr olds"                             
#>  [348] "study teaching"                      
#>  [349] "software programs"                   
#>  [350] "performed significantly"             
#>  [351] "to increase"                         
#>  [352] "an interactive"                      
#>  [353] "math concepts"                       
#>  [354] "with mild"                           
#>  [355] "game or"                             
#>  [356] "assigned to"                         
#>  [357] "behavior analytic"                   
#>  [358] "iq full"                             
#>  [359] "the videodisc"                       
#>  [360] "skin conductance"                    
#>  [361] "computation skills"                  
#>  [362] "correct performance"                 
#>  [363] "large group"                         
#>  [364] "as well"                             
#>  [365] "based measurement"                   
#>  [366] "achievement child"                   
#>  [367] "was assessed"                        
#>  [368] "goal structures"                     
#>  [369] "achievement gains"                   
#>  [370] "by their"                            
#>  [371] "grade children"                      
#>  [372] "strategy choices"                    
#>  [373] "mental retardation"                  
#>  [374] "proportion word"                     
#>  [375] "instructional approaches"            
#>  [376] "instructional purposes"              
#>  [377] "during teacher"                      
#>  [378] "education teaching"                  
#>  [379] "facts by"                            
#>  [380] "at the"                              
#>  [381] "two groups"                          
#>  [382] "mathematics curriculum"              
#>  [383] "instructional technology"            
#>  [384] "hour per"                            
#>  [385] "spark computerized"                  
#>  [386] "in basic"                            
#>  [387] "experimental and"                    
#>  [388] "apple ii"                            
#>  [389] "artificial intelligence"             
#>  [390] "cooperative competitive"             
#>  [391] "questions asked"                     
#>  [392] "active teaching"                     
#>  [393] "for all"                             
#>  [394] "developing math"                     
#>  [395] "computer networking"                 
#>  [396] "test was"                            
#>  [397] "was found"                           
#>  [398] "ed curriculum"                       
#>  [399] "retarded children"                   
#>  [400] "they did"                            
#>  [401] "their use"                           
#>  [402] "of control"                          
#>  [403] "division problems"                   
#>  [404] "computer use"                        
#>  [405] "appears to"                          
#>  [406] "to improve"                          
#>  [407] "rather than"                         
#>  [408] "for the"                             
#>  [409] "after the"                           
#>  [410] "high schools"                        
#>  [411] "practice methods"                    
#>  [412] "that selected"                       
#>  [413] "procedures were"                     
#>  [414] "two way"                             
#>  [415] "had conceptual"                      
#>  [416] "no change"                           
#>  [417] "by the"                              
#>  [418] "group grade"                         
#>  [419] "students in"                         
#>  [420] "acquisition of"                      
#>  [421] "effect of"                           
#>  [422] "humans learning"                     
#>  [423] "even after"                          
#>  [424] "variables were"                      
#>  [425] "were discussed"                      
#>  [426] "were employed"                       
#>  [427] "used to"                             
#>  [428] "students were"                       
#>  [429] "approach was"                        
#>  [430] "was conducted"                       
#>  [431] "sample was"                          
#>  [432] "math skills"                         
#>  [433] "differences existed"                 
#>  [434] "innovative videodisc"                
#>  [435] "strategy choice"                     
#>  [436] "school remedial"                     
#>  [437] "order to"                            
#>  [438] "drills education"                    
#>  [439] "or teacher"                          
#>  [440] "purpose of"                          
#>  [441] "the subjects"                        
#>  [442] "solving achievement"                 
#>  [443] "achievement when"                    
#>  [444] "conclusions were"                    
#>  [445] "phases were"                         
#>  [446] "were consistently"                   
#>  [447] "were randomly"                       
#>  [448] "were recorded"                       
#>  [449] "were trained"                        
#>  [450] "curriculum this"                     
#>  [451] "an instructional"                    
#>  [452] "instruction elementary"              
#>  [453] "math computation"                    
#>  [454] "higher on"                           
#>  [455] "on either"                           
#>  [456] "there was"                           
#>  [457] "was designed"                        
#>  [458] "on active"                           
#>  [459] "were administered"                   
#>  [460] "six students"                        
#>  [461] "feedback on"                         
#>  [462] "be device"                           
#>  [463] "of problems"                         
#>  [464] "computers education"                 
#>  [465] "used as"                             
#>  [466] "disabilities mathematical"           
#>  [467] "disabled 3rd"                        
#>  [468] "disabled improved"                   
#>  [469] "drill program"                       
#>  [470] "non learning"                        
#>  [471] "teaching basic"                      
#>  [472] "working in"                          
#>  [473] "in math"                             
#>  [474] "reward on"                           
#>  [475] "math automaticity"                   
#>  [476] "reading and"                         
#>  [477] "that the"                            
#>  [478] "found that"                          
#>  [479] "in order"                            
#>  [480] "were compared"                       
#>  [481] "whether students"                    
#>  [482] "compared to"                         
#>  [483] "teaching aids"                       
#>  [484] "basic multiplication"                
#>  [485] "the control"                         
#>  [486] "the basal"                           
#>  [487] "the purpose"                         
#>  [488] "basic fraction"                      
#>  [489] "mathematics concepts"                
#>  [490] "for weeks"                           
#>  [491] "algorithm for"                       
#>  [492] "math microcomputers"                 
#>  [493] "practice task"                       
#>  [494] "the hand"                            
#>  [495] "recorded on"                         
#>  [496] "spent on"                            
#>  [497] "trained on"                          
#>  [498] "on long"                             
#>  [499] "conditions for"                      
#>  [500] "for only"                            
#>  [501] "games as"                            
#>  [502] "mathematics problem"                 
#>  [503] "nondisabled students"                
#>  [504] "formats to"                          
#>  [505] "program was"                         
#>  [506] "with partner"                        
#>  [507] "the teacher"                         
#>  [508] "with coaching"                       
#>  [509] "group configuration"                 
#>  [510] "group performed"                     
#>  [511] "available for"                       
#>  [512] "means for"                           
#>  [513] "reading math"                        
#>  [514] "was compared"                        
#>  [515] "students who"                        
#>  [516] "practice games"                      
#>  [517] "disadvantaged by"                    
#>  [518] "male with"                           
#>  [519] "education elementary"                
#>  [520] "and pencil"                          
#>  [521] "paper and"                           
#>  [522] "on mathematics"                      
#>  [523] "the number"                          
#>  [524] "disabilities special"                
#>  [525] "on microcomputer"                    
#>  [526] "level performance"                   
#>  [527] "on performance"                      
#>  [528] "were selected"                       
#>  [529] "severely handicapped"                
#>  [530] "software use"                        
#>  [531] "worked with"                         
#>  [532] "subjects in"                         
#>  [533] "embedding drill"                     
#>  [534] "computerized mathematics"            
#>  [535] "the data"                            
#>  [536] "of microcomputer"                    
#>  [537] "for these"                           
#>  [538] "response for"                        
#>  [539] "arithmetic achievement"              
#>  [540] "practice on"                         
#>  [541] "effect on"                           
#>  [542] "identical problems"                  
#>  [543] "story problems"                      
#>  [544] "teaching paradigm"                   
#>  [545] "calculator with"                     
#>  [546] "computer delivered"                  
#>  [547] "problem selections"                  
#>  [548] "math facts"                          
#>  [549] "computers with"                      
#>  [550] "work with"                           
#>  [551] "an innovative"                       
#>  [552] "in teaching"                         
#>  [553] "the tutor"                           
#>  [554] "the relationship"                    
#>  [555] "computation and"                     
#>  [556] "posttest and"                        
#>  [557] "week for"                            
#>  [558] "on paper"                            
#>  [559] "examined the"                        
#>  [560] "describes computer"                  
#>  [561] "as function"                         
#>  [562] "as having"                           
#>  [563] "change group"                        
#>  [564] "noted as"                            
#>  [565] "total group"                         
#>  [566] "in terms"                            
#>  [567] "the results"                         
#>  [568] "number of"                           
#>  [569] "of this"                             
#>  [570] "performance of"                      
#>  [571] "designed to"                         
#>  [572] "to teach"                            
#>  [573] "adolescents with"                    
#>  [574] "device that"                         
#>  [575] "indicating that"                     
#>  [576] "differences were"                    
#>  [577] "education students"                  
#>  [578] "system on"                           
#>  [579] "for both"                            
#>  [580] "intervention was"                    
#>  [581] "posttest was"                        
#>  [582] "and control"                         
#>  [583] "disabled no"                         
#>  [584] "students child"                      
#>  [585] "and second"                          
#>  [586] "mathematics system"                  
#>  [587] "students receiving"                  
#>  [588] "automaticity was"                    
#>  [589] "education reading"                   
#>  [590] "reading education"                   
#>  [591] "sex and"                             
#>  [592] "appear to"                           
#>  [593] "necessary to"                        
#>  [594] "to follow"                           
#>  [595] "retarded students"                   
#>  [596] "found to"                            
#>  [597] "disabled junior"                     
#>  [598] "assessed in"                         
#>  [599] "the effect"                          
#>  [600] "the following"                       
#>  [601] "with calculators"                    
#>  [602] "administration of"                   
#>  [603] "influence of"                        
#>  [604] "rates of"                            
#>  [605] "ability students"                    
#>  [606] "them to"                             
#>  [607] "and normal"                          
#>  [608] "normal and"                          
#>  [609] "strategies and"                      
#>  [610] "computer based"                      
#>  [611] "instruction learning"                
#>  [612] "instruction than"                    
#>  [613] "skills to"                           
#>  [614] "of reward"                           
#>  [615] "better in"                           
#>  [616] "discussed in"                        
#>  [617] "experience in"                       
#>  [618] "increases in"                        
#>  [619] "participated in"                     
#>  [620] "well in"                             
#>  [621] "deficits in"                         
#>  [622] "evaluated in"                        
#>  [623] "disabled ss"                         
#>  [624] "was significant"                     
#>  [625] "with mildly"                         
#>  [626] "were matched"                        
#>  [627] "prior to"                            
#>  [628] "structured computer"                 
#>  [629] "students classified"                 
#>  [630] "expectations of"                     
#>  [631] "role of"                             
#>  [632] "addition learning"                   
#>  [633] "for remedial"                        
#>  [634] "programs for"                        
#>  [635] "achievement in"                      
#>  [636] "one of"                              
#>  [637] "to have"                             
#>  [638] "to their"                            
#>  [639] "mathematics skills"                  
#>  [640] "investigation of"                    
#>  [641] "variables of"                        
#>  [642] "task was"                            
#>  [643] "learning disorders"                  
#>  [644] "increase in"                         
#>  [645] "for use"                             
#>  [646] "software for"                        
#>  [647] "locus of"                            
#>  [648] "terms of"                            
#>  [649] "with traditional"                    
#>  [650] "was concluded"                       
#>  [651] "for ss"                              
#>  [652] "teaching mathematics"                
#>  [653] "focused on"                          
#>  [654] "period on"                           
#>  [655] "the influence"                       
#>  [656] "on task"                             
#>  [657] "normal students"                     
#>  [658] "learning handicaps"                  
#>  [659] "acquisition and"                     
#>  [660] "grades and"                          
#>  [661] "use with"                            
#>  [662] "used in"                             
#>  [663] "of video"                            
#>  [664] "instruction high"                    
#>  [665] "mathematics disability"              
#>  [666] "with more"                           
#>  [667] "employed in"                         
#>  [668] "the networking"                      
#>  [669] "math instruction"                    
#>  [670] "the first"                           
#>  [671] "the future"                          
#>  [672] "the same"                            
#>  [673] "on their"                            
#>  [674] "for learning"                        
#>  [675] "to assess"                           
#>  [676] "able to"                             
#>  [677] "attributed to"                       
#>  [678] "for teaching"                        
#>  [679] "education teachers"                  
#>  [680] "dealing with"                        
#>  [681] "with efficiency"                     
#>  [682] "to help"                             
#>  [683] "division for"                        
#>  [684] "found for"                           
#>  [685] "to two"                              
#>  [686] "of computerized"                     
#>  [687] "of correct"                          
#>  [688] "and feedback"                        
#>  [689] "enrolled in"                         
#>  [690] "the training"                        
#>  [691] "examined in"                         
#>  [692] "understanding of"                    
#>  [693] "used for"                            
#>  [694] "teachers on"                         
#>  [695] "that computer"                       
#>  [696] "handicapped and"                     
#>  [697] "achievement of"                      
#>  [698] "first and"                           
#>  [699] "given and"                           
#>  [700] "goals and"                           
#>  [701] "and five"                            
#>  [702] "and nondisabled"                     
#>  [703] "and tutorial"                        
#>  [704] "and arousal"                         
#>  [705] "and nonhandicapped"                  
#>  [706] "and respectively"                    
#>  [707] "and transfer"                        
#>  [708] "and workbook"                        
#>  [709] "and number"                          
#>  [710] "whether learning"                    
#>  [711] "oral computer"                       
#>  [712] "performance on"                      
#>  [713] "on basic"                            
#>  [714] "on student"                          
#>  [715] "computer keyboard"                   
#>  [716] "in attitude"                         
#>  [717] "computer programs"                   
#>  [718] "education this"                      
#>  [719] "students grades"                     
#>  [720] "the four"                            
#>  [721] "the use"                             
#>  [722] "and implications"                    
#>  [723] "and non"                             
#>  [724] "with an"                             
#>  [725] "traditional and"                     
#>  [726] "and after"                           
#>  [727] "disabilities in"                     
#>  [728] "mathematics performance"             
#>  [729] "during the"                          
#>  [730] "of an"                               
#>  [731] "ld students"                         
#>  [732] "to attentional"                      
#>  [733] "to complete"                         
#>  [734] "to develop"                          
#>  [735] "to enhanced"                         
#>  [736] "to investigate"                      
#>  [737] "to participate"                      
#>  [738] "to solve"                            
#>  [739] "according to"                        
#>  [740] "due to"                              
#>  [741] "failed to"                           
#>  [742] "led to"                              
#>  [743] "offered to"                          
#>  [744] "programmed to"                       
#>  [745] "relation to"                         
#>  [746] "suited to"                           
#>  [747] "using the"                           
#>  [748] "levels of"                           
#>  [749] "modes of"                            
#>  [750] "units of"                            
#>  [751] "of sessions"                         
#>  [752] "elementary education"                
#>  [753] "the computational"                   
#>  [754] "application of"                      
#>  [755] "areas of"                            
#>  [756] "average of"                          
#>  [757] "needs of"                            
#>  [758] "series of"                           
#>  [759] "of learners"                         
#>  [760] "of responding"                       
#>  [761] "in multiplication"                   
#>  [762] "selected to"                         
#>  [763] "system to"                           
#>  [764] "to educational"                      
#>  [765] "and written"                         
#>  [766] "and one"                             
#>  [767] "investigated the"                    
#>  [768] "changes in"                          
#>  [769] "deficit in"                          
#>  [770] "difference in"                       
#>  [771] "in developing"                       
#>  [772] "in relation"                         
#>  [773] "instruction games"                   
#>  [774] "students in the"                     
#>  [775] "solving were"                        
#>  [776] "and motivation"                      
#>  [777] "and without"                         
#>  [778] "concepts and"                        
#>  [779] "was to"                              
#>  [780] "instruction mathematics"             
#>  [781] "determine the"                       
#>  [782] "while the"                           
#>  [783] "than in"                             
#>  [784] "students junior"                     
#>  [785] "curriculum was"                      
#>  [786] "with basic"                          
#>  [787] "of general"                          
#>  [788] "of regular"                          
#>  [789] "review of"                           
#>  [790] "assess the"                          
#>  [791] "the acquisition"                     
#>  [792] "education teacher"                   
#>  [793] "results of"                          
#>  [794] "majority of"                         
#>  [795] "of covariance"                       
#>  [796] "and problem"                         
#>  [797] "among the"                           
#>  [798] "improving the"                       
#>  [799] "tests the"                           
#>  [800] "weeks the"                           
#>  [801] "effective in"                        
#>  [802] "of three"                            
#>  [803] "calculator instruction"              
#>  [804] "the comparison"                      
#>  [805] "the present"                         
#>  [806] "the role"                            
#>  [807] "the sample"                          
#>  [808] "to one"                              
#>  [809] "children education"                  
#>  [810] "test and"                            
#>  [811] "treatment and"                       
#>  [812] "school math"                         
#>  [813] "by learning"                         
#>  [814] "the alp"                             
#>  [815] "the authors"                         
#>  [816] "the majority"                        
#>  [817] "of information"                      
#>  [818] "of minutes"                          
#>  [819] "of motivation"                       
#>  [820] "of new"                              
#>  [821] "of pretest"                          
#>  [822] "characteristics of"                  
#>  [823] "means of"                            
#>  [824] "of computer"                         
#>  [825] "instruction computer"                
#>  [826] "disabilities problem"                
#>  [827] "assisted math"                       
#>  [828] "development of"                      
#>  [829] "of automaticity"                     
#>  [830] "and race"                            
#>  [831] "dyad and"                            
#>  [832] "keyboard and"                        
#>  [833] "retention and"                       
#>  [834] "and retention"                       
#>  [835] "effects on"                          
#>  [836] "grade learning"                      
#>  [837] "for this"                            
#>  [838] "the coaching"                        
#>  [839] "the motivational"                    
#>  [840] "the regular"                         
#>  [841] "achievement mathematics"             
#>  [842] "use on"                              
#>  [843] "instruction with"                    
#>  [844] "from to"                             
#>  [845] "disabled high"                       
#>  [846] "instruction is"                      
#>  [847] "of goal"                             
#>  [848] "training of"                         
#>  [849] "amount of"                           
#>  [850] "completion of"                       
#>  [851] "consisted of"                        
#>  [852] "discussion of"                       
#>  [853] "elements of"                         
#>  [854] "end of"                              
#>  [855] "function of"                         
#>  [856] "investigations of"                   
#>  [857] "minimum of"                          
#>  [858] "of embedding"                        
#>  [859] "of questions"                        
#>  [860] "of variance"                         
#>  [861] "percentage of"                       
#>  [862] "perceptions of"                      
#>  [863] "rate of"                             
#>  [864] "solving learning"                    
#>  [865] "of educable"                         
#>  [866] "and help"                            
#>  [867] "baseline and"                        
#>  [868] "structured and"                      
#>  [869] "the student"                         
#>  [870] "skills in"                           
#>  [871] "the computation"                     
#>  [872] "the intervention"                    
#>  [873] "the posttest"                        
#>  [874] "of addition"                         
#>  [875] "of the learning"                     
#>  [876] "explored the"                        
#>  [877] "education of learning"               
#>  [878] "effects for"                         
#>  [879] "the amount"                          
#>  [880] "the author"                          
#>  [881] "the completion"                      
#>  [882] "the computer's"                      
#>  [883] "the distribution"                    
#>  [884] "the end"                             
#>  [885] "of computers"                        
#>  [886] "in reading"                          
#>  [887] "the teachers"                        
#>  [888] "technology and"                      
#>  [889] "feedback to"                         
#>  [890] "have the"                            
#>  [891] "the article"                         
#>  [892] "the goal"                            
#>  [893] "the second"                          
#>  [894] "the variables"                       
#>  [895] "level and"                           
#>  [896] "and two"                             
#>  [897] "education learning"                  
#>  [898] "teacher with"                        
#>  [899] "instruction on"                      
#>  [900] "practice education"                  
#>  [901] "problems in"                         
#>  [902] "accuracy and"                        
#>  [903] "and accuracy"                        
#>  [904] "retention the"                       
#>  [905] "from the"                            
#>  [906] "achievement learning"                
#>  [907] "the six"                             
#>  [908] "the treatment"                       
#>  [909] "study teaching of"                   
#>  [910] "to the"                              
#>  [911] "used the"                            
#>  [912] "teachers in"                         
#>  [913] "practice education of"               
#>  [914] "of using"                            
#>  [915] "disabilities and educable"           
#>  [916] "assisted and computer"               
#>  [917] "in an"                               
#>  [918] "compared the"                        
#>  [919] "students microcomputer"              
#>  [920] "and traditional"                     
#>  [921] "the students in"                     
#>  [922] "students learning"                   
#>  [923] "the attitude"                        
#>  [924] "the mathematical"                    
#>  [925] "and educable"                        
#>  [926] "level of"                            
#>  [927] "of basic"                            
#>  [928] "of two"                              
#>  [929] "solving computer"                    
#>  [930] "instruction for"                     
#>  [931] "drill and practice"                  
#>  [932] "or in"                               
#>  [933] "study was to"                        
#>  [934] "calculators the"                     
#>  [935] "presented the"                       
#>  [936] "facts the"                           
#>  [937] "studies of"                          
#>  [938] "of mildly"                           
#>  [939] "of selected"                         
#>  [940] "program in"                          
#>  [941] "students are"                        
#>  [942] "the subjects the"                    
#>  [943] "multiplication and division"         
#>  [944] "skills of students"                  
#>  [945] "performance for"                     
#>  [946] "children computer"                   
#>  [947] "groups of"                           
#>  [948] "teaching of"                         
#>  [949] "on math"                             
#>  [950] "in performance"                      
#>  [951] "elementary students"                 
#>  [952] "achievement of students"             
#>  [953] "between the"                         
#>  [954] "than the"                            
#>  [955] "when the"                            
#>  [956] "of data"                             
#>  [957] "of secondary"                        
#>  [958] "that learning"                       
#>  [959] "performance with"                    
#>  [960] "learning of multiplication"          
#>  [961] "achievement was"                     
#>  [962] "disabled and"                        
#>  [963] "group instruction"                   
#>  [964] "and reading"                         
#>  [965] "the pencil"                          
#>  [966] "performance and"                     
#>  [967] "practice in"                         
#>  [968] "to one of"                           
#>  [969] "and students in"                     
#>  [970] "used the computer"                   
#>  [971] "the teacher to"                      
#>  [972] "normal and learning"                 
#>  [973] "of time"                             
#>  [974] "the level"                           
#>  [975] "the two"                             
#>  [976] "school students learning"            
#>  [977] "teaching mathematics to"             
#>  [978] "software to"                         
#>  [979] "teacher to"                          
#>  [980] "to use"                              
#>  [981] "practice and"                        
#>  [982] "of learning"                         
#>  [983] "experimental and control"            
#>  [984] "of four"                             
#>  [985] "of microcomputers"                   
#>  [986] "of strategy"                         
#>  [987] "for use with"                        
#>  [988] "disabilities computer"               
#>  [989] "and traditional instruction"         
#>  [990] "performance of learning"             
#>  [991] "the three"                           
#>  [992] "games and"                           
#>  [993] "in learning handicapped"             
#>  [994] "automaticity in learning"            
#>  [995] "of group"                            
#>  [996] "teaching students"                   
#>  [997] "disabled elementary students"        
#>  [998] "in special"                          
#>  [999] "use in"                              
#> [1000] "teachers and"                        
#> [1001] "the students classified"             
#> [1002] "computer use on"                     
#> [1003] "with and without"                    
#> [1004] "the time"                            
#> [1005] "of arithmetic"                       
#> [1006] "skills of"                           
#> [1007] "students mathematics"                
#> [1008] "education of"                        
#> [1009] "of students with"                    
#> [1010] "reading and math"                    
#> [1011] "of software"                         
#> [1012] "of teacher"                          
#> [1013] "instructional computer"              
#> [1014] "the calculator with"                 
#> [1015] "the development"                     
#> [1016] "solving achievement of"              
#> [1017] "disabled and normal"                 
#> [1018] "male with mathematics"               
#> [1019] "on paper and"                        
#> [1020] "of instructional"                    
#> [1021] "skills in reading"                   
#> [1022] "students with learning"              
#> [1023] "and an"                              
#> [1024] "achievement of learning"             
#> [1025] "multiplication learning"             
#> [1026] "the test"                            
#> [1027] "disabilities students"               
#> [1028] "an learning"                         
#> [1029] "education mathematics"               
#> [1030] "school math microcomputers"          
#> [1031] "and normal students"                 
#> [1032] "of game"                             
#> [1033] "paper and pencil"                    
#> [1034] "study of"                            
#> [1035] "students performance"                
#> [1036] "in basic multiplication"             
#> [1037] "achievement mathematics education"   
#> [1038] "the task"                            
#> [1039] "the effectiveness of"                
#> [1040] "math achievement level"              
#> [1041] "on computer"                         
#> [1042] "subjects in the"                     
#> [1043] "achievement in multiplication"       
#> [1044] "computation and problem"             
#> [1045] "group and"                           
#> [1046] "in the development"                  
#> [1047] "two groups of"                       
#> [1048] "that students"                       
#> [1049] "with disabilities"                   
#> [1050] "instruction in math"                 
#> [1051] "to practice"                         
#> [1052] "and performance"                     
#> [1053] "achievement level and"               
#> [1054] "in order to"                         
#> [1055] "disabilities in mathematics"         
#> [1056] "of the two"                          
#> [1057] "students mathematics education"      
#> [1058] "of reward on"                        
#> [1059] "subjects the"                        
#> [1060] "the present study"                   
#> [1061] "of computer use"                     
#> [1062] "children the"                        
#> [1063] "handicapped children the"            
#> [1064] "instruction with learning"           
#> [1065] "that selected computer"              
#> [1066] "problems while the"                  
#> [1067] "units of instruction"                
#> [1068] "than in the"                         
#> [1069] "the computer networking"             
#> [1070] "teacher assisted instructional"      
#> [1071] "the game"                            
#> [1072] "the effects of"                      
#> [1073] "education teaching methods"          
#> [1074] "performance for only"                
#> [1075] "of students"                         
#> [1076] "to the motivational"                 
#> [1077] "skills and"                          
#> [1078] "achievement level performance"       
#> [1079] "of addition but"                     
#> [1080] "of computers with"                   
#> [1081] "accuracy and motivation"             
#> [1082] "of secondary educable"               
#> [1083] "to work with"                        
#> [1084] "elementary secondary education"      
#> [1085] "and software"                        
#> [1086] "and use"                             
#> [1087] "teacher and"                         
#> [1088] "the computation and"                 
#> [1089] "development of automaticity"         
#> [1090] "and non learning"                    
#> [1091] "academic skills in"                  
#> [1092] "of the six"                          
#> [1093] "computer games as"                   
#> [1094] "found between the"                   
#> [1095] "of children with"                    
#> [1096] "groups the"                          
#> [1097] "program the"                         
#> [1098] "practice on basic"                   
#> [1099] "of problems while"                   
#> [1100] "group grade level"                   
#> [1101] "on the acquisition"                  
#> [1102] "students to"                         
#> [1103] "results of the"                      
#> [1104] "test and the"                        
#> [1105] "retarded students grades"            
#> [1106] "in arithmetic achievement"           
#> [1107] "children and"                        
#> [1108] "practice and tutorial"               
#> [1109] "as an instructional"                 
#> [1110] "computational performance of"        
#> [1111] "education reading education"         
#> [1112] "learning handicapped and"            
#> [1113] "the math"                            
#> [1114] "means for the"                       
#> [1115] "instruction in mathematics"          
#> [1116] "toward school math"                  
#> [1117] "problems and"                        
#> [1118] "mathematics to"                      
#> [1119] "with mathematics"                    
#> [1120] "disabilities in grades"              
#> [1121] "the microcomputer"                   
#> [1122] "instruction computer software"       
#> [1123] "computerized mathematics system"     
#> [1124] "instruction mathematics achievement" 
#> [1125] "teacher assisted and"                
#> [1126] "on learning"                         
#> [1127] "learning disabilities mathematics"   
#> [1128] "feedback on the"                     
#> [1129] "and practice education"              
#> [1130] "in terms of"                         
#> [1131] "locus of control"                    
#> [1132] "the educable"                        
#> [1133] "the computational performance"       
#> [1134] "computer delivered feedback"         
#> [1135] "with specific learning"              
#> [1136] "problems given and"                  
#> [1137] "multiplication skills to"            
#> [1138] "in achievement"                      
#> [1139] "math automaticity in"                
#> [1140] "of instructional approaches"         
#> [1141] "mathematics education teaching"      
#> [1142] "speed accuracy and"                  
#> [1143] "the teacher assisted"                
#> [1144] "teaching basic math"                 
#> [1145] "the relationship between"            
#> [1146] "selected computer games"             
#> [1147] "there was significant"               
#> [1148] "multiplication facts the"            
#> [1149] "handicapped and non"                 
#> [1150] "instruction on the"                  
#> [1151] "of pretest math"                     
#> [1152] "of drill"                            
#> [1153] "one of three"                        
#> [1154] "achievement test and"                
#> [1155] "study of the"                        
#> [1156] "performance and arousal"             
#> [1157] "for only one"                        
#> [1158] "reward on performance"               
#> [1159] "and the"                             
#> [1160] "disabled students are"               
#> [1161] "of children"                         
#> [1162] "pencil and paper"                    
#> [1163] "compared to the"                     
#> [1164] "average of minutes"                  
#> [1165] "the performance"                     
#> [1166] "with mathematics disability"         
#> [1167] "in grades and"                       
#> [1168] "of video arcade"                     
#> [1169] "instruction to"                      
#> [1170] "an instructional strategy"           
#> [1171] "on the computation"                  
#> [1172] "on the posttest"                     
#> [1173] "students the purpose"                
#> [1174] "accuracy acquisition and"            
#> [1175] "acquisition of multiplication"       
#> [1176] "use the"                             
#> [1177] "the instructional"                   
#> [1178] "and computer"                        
#> [1179] "among the four"                      
#> [1180] "school students the"                 
#> [1181] "assisted instructional procedure"    
#> [1182] "and control groups"                  
#> [1183] "computer keyboard and"               
#> [1184] "variables of pretest"                
#> [1185] "subtraction multiplication and"      
#> [1186] "and feedback procedures"             
#> [1187] "and practice games"                  
#> [1188] "of computerized drill"               
#> [1189] "given and number"                    
#> [1190] "the software"                        
#> [1191] "the special"                         
#> [1192] "of problems completed"               
#> [1193] "or teacher assisted"                 
#> [1194] "students the author"                 
#> [1195] "on either drill"                     
#> [1196] "the special education"               
#> [1197] "basic math facts"                    
#> [1198] "of microcomputer assisted"           
#> [1199] "the subjects were"                   
#> [1200] "of mildly handicapped"               
#> [1201] "in the experimental"                 
#> [1202] "and practice task"                   
#> [1203] "the control group"                   
#> [1204] "investigation of the"                
#> [1205] "and instructional"                   
#> [1206] "and that"                            
#> [1207] "practice task within"                
#> [1208] "instruction in the"                  
#> [1209] "significantly better in"             
#> [1210] "of problems given"                   
#> [1211] "in the videodisc"                    
#> [1212] "as function of"                      
#> [1213] "study the"                           
#> [1214] "mathematics achievement mathematics" 
#> [1215] "of multiplication facts"             
#> [1216] "pretest math achievement"            
#> [1217] "were recorded on"                    
#> [1218] "were trained on"                     
#> [1219] "instruction and workbook"            
#> [1220] "arithmetic remedial teaching"        
#> [1221] "for computer"                        
#> [1222] "learning disabilities in"            
#> [1223] "students with specific"              
#> [1224] "in addition facts"                   
#> [1225] "handicapped and nonhandicapped"      
#> [1226] "in multiplication and"               
#> [1227] "amount of time"                      
#> [1228] "differences in attitude"             
#> [1229] "the effect of"                       
#> [1230] "on long division"                    
#> [1231] "disabled students to"                
#> [1232] "on task behavior"                    
#> [1233] "education elementary school"         
#> [1234] "assisted instruction with"           
#> [1235] "mathematics achievement learning"    
#> [1236] "the four groups"                     
#> [1237] "with computer"                       
#> [1238] "computer assisted instruction"       
#> [1239] "the pencil and"                      
#> [1240] "acquisition and retention"           
#> [1241] "students computer assisted"          
#> [1242] "use of computer"                     
#> [1243] "higher on the"                       
#> [1244] "math and"                            
#> [1245] "the networking system"               
#> [1246] "and practice methods"                
#> [1247] "the influence of"                    
#> [1248] "use of computers"                    
#> [1249] "using the calculator"                
#> [1250] "and math"                            
#> [1251] "and computer assisted"               
#> [1252] "school aged children"                
#> [1253] "in relation to"                      
#> [1254] "the learning"                        
#> [1255] "the problem"                         
#> [1256] "for the videodisc"                   
#> [1257] "the videodisc group"                 
#> [1258] "differences were found"              
#> [1259] "on mathematics problem"              
#> [1260] "modes of responding"                 
#> [1261] "and implications for"                
#> [1262] "of drill and"                        
#> [1263] "and practice game"                   
#> [1264] "first and second"                    
#> [1265] "school students mathematics"         
#> [1266] "according to the"                    
#> [1267] "practice of"                         
#> [1268] "computers education special"         
#> [1269] "practice game or"                    
#> [1270] "computer software programs"          
#> [1271] "students classified as"              
#> [1272] "mathematics instruction mathematics" 
#> [1273] "effects of computer"                 
#> [1274] "design was used"                     
#> [1275] "for computer assisted"               
#> [1276] "level performance iq"                
#> [1277] "the level of"                        
#> [1278] "administration of the"               
#> [1279] "and achievement"                     
#> [1280] "design across subjects"              
#> [1281] "and practice program"                
#> [1282] "disabled students computer"          
#> [1283] "disabilities computer assisted"      
#> [1284] "assisted instruction and"            
#> [1285] "mathematics education reading"       
#> [1286] "of the study"                        
#> [1287] "days after the"                      
#> [1288] "formats to educational"              
#> [1289] "for students"                        
#> [1290] "developing math automaticity"        
#> [1291] "the use of"                          
#> [1292] "classified as educable"              
#> [1293] "and division for"                    
#> [1294] "addition but had"                    
#> [1295] "students learning disabilities"      
#> [1296] "in the basal"                        
#> [1297] "the computer"                        
#> [1298] "that computer assisted"              
#> [1299] "was assessed in"                     
#> [1300] "rate of information"                 
#> [1301] "of strategy choices"                 
#> [1302] "was to investigate"                  
#> [1303] "old male with"                       
#> [1304] "education special humans"            
#> [1305] "students with mild"                  
#> [1306] "assisted instruction learning"       
#> [1307] "students the"                        
#> [1308] "an average of"                       
#> [1309] "in grades through"                   
#> [1310] "the basal group"                     
#> [1311] "non learning handicapped"            
#> [1312] "school students computer"            
#> [1313] "the following conclusions"           
#> [1314] "for the future"                      
#> [1315] "the acquisition of"                  
#> [1316] "examined in relation"                
#> [1317] "the experimental group"              
#> [1318] "disabilities mathematics instruction"
#> [1319] "and division facts"                  
#> [1320] "was used in"                         
#> [1321] "children with learning"              
#> [1322] "school students junior"              
#> [1323] "grade level sex"                     
#> [1324] "the training of"                     
#> [1325] "as educable mental"                  
#> [1326] "multiplication facts by"             
#> [1327] "of embedding drill"                  
#> [1328] "disabilities mathematical ability"   
#> [1329] "automaticity was assessed"           
#> [1330] "education learning disabilities"     
#> [1331] "increases in arithmetic"             
#> [1332] "results indicated significant"       
#> [1333] "the students"                        
#> [1334] "time series design"                  
#> [1335] "completion of the"                   
#> [1336] "perceptions of the"                  
#> [1337] "disabled no change"                  
#> [1338] "learning disabilities computer"      
#> [1339] "posttest was administered"           
#> [1340] "problems mastered during"            
#> [1341] "the learning disabled"               
#> [1342] "learning disabilities special"       
#> [1343] "spent on active"                     
#> [1344] "experimental groups were"            
#> [1345] "of group configuration"              
#> [1346] "expectations of learners"            
#> [1347] "of responding oral"                  
#> [1348] "teach multiplication skills"         
#> [1349] "disabilities and"                    
#> [1350] "period on mathematics"               
#> [1351] "indicated that computer"             
#> [1352] "assisted and"                        
#> [1353] "math the"                            
#> [1354] "found to be"                         
#> [1355] "education this study"                
#> [1356] "effect of the"                       
#> [1357] "learning handicapped partner"        
#> [1358] "which they worked"                   
#> [1359] "educable mental handicaps"           
#> [1360] "learning disabilities problem"       
#> [1361] "role of computerized"                
#> [1362] "of the effects"                      
#> [1363] "but had not"                         
#> [1364] "the purpose of"                      
#> [1365] "of educable mentally"                
#> [1366] "disabled students child"             
#> [1367] "spark computerized mathematics"      
#> [1368] "be device that"                      
#> [1369] "to assess the"                       
#> [1370] "instruction in arithmetic"           
#> [1371] "to determine the"                    
#> [1372] "trained on either"                   
#> [1373] "calculator with efficiency"          
#> [1374] "multiple baseline design"            
#> [1375] "loosely structured and"              
#> [1376] "and written response"                
#> [1377] "to teach multiplication"             
#> [1378] "higher retention level"              
#> [1379] "education and"                       
#> [1380] "calculator on the"                   
#> [1381] "of instruction"                      
#> [1382] "determine whether students"          
#> [1383] "disabled students in"                
#> [1384] "learning disabled students"          
#> [1385] "purpose of this"                     
#> [1386] "of the effectiveness"                
#> [1387] "total group grade"                   
#> [1388] "basic academic skills"               
#> [1389] "the calculator on"                   
#> [1390] "disabilities mathematics achievement"
#> [1391] "general education students"          
#> [1392] "and practice and"                    
#> [1393] "assisted instruction in"             
#> [1394] "using the networking"                
#> [1395] "achieved automaticity in"            
#> [1396] "group performed significantly"       
#> [1397] "was to determine"                    
#> [1398] "children computer assisted"          
#> [1399] "attitude toward school"              
#> [1400] "assisted instruction to"             
#> [1401] "of the hand"                         
#> [1402] "purpose of the"                      
#> [1403] "the majority of"                     
#> [1404] "computer and"                        
#> [1405] "arithmetic word problem"             
#> [1406] "no change group"                     
#> [1407] "study examined the"                  
#> [1408] "in basic math"                       
#> [1409] "instruction and"                     
#> [1410] "elementary school students"          
#> [1411] "assisted instruction elementary"     
#> [1412] "examined the effects"                
#> [1413] "prior to the"                        
#> [1414] "solving computer assisted"           
#> [1415] "and educable mentally"               
#> [1416] "the educable mentally"               
#> [1417] "the performance of"                  
#> [1418] "effect on the"                       
#> [1419] "and was"                             
#> [1420] "addition subtraction multiplication" 
#> [1421] "on computer assisted"                
#> [1422] "responding oral computer"            
#> [1423] "assisted instruction high"           
#> [1424] "curriculum this article"             
#> [1425] "game formats to"                     
#> [1426] "had higher retention"                
#> [1427] "self selected goals"                 
#> [1428] "with the"                            
#> [1429] "the amount of"                       
#> [1430] "the completion of"                   
#> [1431] "the end of"                          
#> [1432] "substantial increases in"            
#> [1433] "mastered during teacher"             
#> [1434] "special humans learning"             
#> [1435] "was administered as"                 
#> [1436] "analysis of covariance"              
#> [1437] "and problem solving"                 
#> [1438] "structured teacher assisted"         
#> [1439] "iq sex and"                          
#> [1440] "automaticity in addition"            
#> [1441] "understanding of basic"              
#> [1442] "effectiveness of microcomputer"      
#> [1443] "not achieved automaticity"           
#> [1444] "with mildly handicapped"             
#> [1445] "the role of"                         
#> [1446] "and number of"                       
#> [1447] "of questions asked"                  
#> [1448] "high schools instructional"          
#> [1449] "and practice on"                     
#> [1450] "of the calculator"                   
#> [1451] "special education students"          
#> [1452] "were found to"                       
#> [1453] "study investigated the"              
#> [1454] "the hand held"                       
#> [1455] "of learning disabled"                
#> [1456] "mildly handicapped students"         
#> [1457] "to learning disabled"                
#> [1458] "had not achieved"                    
#> [1459] "an interactive videodisc"            
#> [1460] "student classified as"               
#> [1461] "instruction learning disabilities"   
#> [1462] "understanding of addition"           
#> [1463] "use of the"                          
#> [1464] "graders computer assisted"           
#> [1465] "special education teacher"           
#> [1466] "in special education"                
#> [1467] "of information processing"           
#> [1468] "following conclusions were"          
#> [1469] "and students"                        
#> [1470] "student attitude toward"             
#> [1471] "baseline design across"              
#> [1472] "sex and race"                        
#> [1473] "of learning disabilities"            
#> [1474] "to learning"                         
#> [1475] "education the"                       
#> [1476] "in addition subtraction"             
#> [1477] "number of problems"                  
#> [1478] "computer assisted math"              
#> [1479] "either drill and"                    
#> [1480] "and with"                            
#> [1481] "with and"                            
#> [1482] "assisted instruction games"          
#> [1483] "highly structured computer"          
#> [1484] "assisted instruction mathematics"    
#> [1485] "special education teachers"          
#> [1486] "mildly mentally handicapped"         
#> [1487] "of mathematics"                      
#> [1488] "achievement learning disabled"       
#> [1489] "instruction high school"             
#> [1490] "selective attention problems"        
#> [1491] "oral computer keyboard"              
#> [1492] "learning disabilities and"           
#> [1493] "this study investigated"             
#> [1494] "minutes per day"                     
#> [1495] "mastered during computer"            
#> [1496] "during teacher assisted"             
#> [1497] "grouping instructional purposes"     
#> [1498] "in learning"                         
#> [1499] "assisted instruction for"            
#> [1500] "computerized drill and"              
#> [1501] "on active teaching"                  
#> [1502] "randomly assigned to"                
#> [1503] "problem solving learning"            
#> [1504] "instructional procedure intervention"
#> [1505] "no significant differences"          
#> [1506] "immediately following treatment"     
#> [1507] "the study was"                       
#> [1508] "an innovative videodisc"             
#> [1509] "for learning disabled"               
#> [1510] "assisted instruction on"             
#> [1511] "keyboard and written"                
#> [1512] "adolescents classified as"           
#> [1513] "mentally handicapped students"       
#> [1514] "effects of reward"                   
#> [1515] "that learning disabled"              
#> [1516] "disabled junior high"                
#> [1517] "retarded yr olds"                    
#> [1518] "was used to"                         
#> [1519] "proportion word problems"            
#> [1520] "assisted instruction than"           
#> [1521] "and pencil and"                      
#> [1522] "and to"                              
#> [1523] "mild mental retardation"             
#> [1524] "basic math skills"                   
#> [1525] "mathematics problem solving"         
#> [1526] "this article is"                     
#> [1527] "the mathematics"                     
#> [1528] "performance iq full"                 
#> [1529] "learning disabled elementary"        
#> [1530] "had conceptual understanding"        
#> [1531] "external locus of"                   
#> [1532] "terms of the"                        
#> [1533] "and learning disabled"               
#> [1534] "disabled high school"                
#> [1535] "was designed to"                     
#> [1536] "intellectual development disorder"   
#> [1537] "attributed to attentional"           
#> [1538] "problem solving computer"            
#> [1539] "hand held calculator"                
#> [1540] "disabilities mathematics education"  
#> [1541] "arc ed curriculum"                   
#> [1542] "scale iq sex"                        
#> [1543] "high school students"                
#> [1544] "and learning"                        
#> [1545] "results suggest that"                
#> [1546] "humans learning disorders"           
#> [1547] "the experimental groups"             
#> [1548] "conceptual understanding of"         
#> [1549] "computer networking system"          
#> [1550] "embedding drill and"                 
#> [1551] "by learning disabled"                
#> [1552] "this study examined"                 
#> [1553] "instruction the"                     
#> [1554] "microcomputer assisted instruction"  
#> [1555] "discussed in terms"                  
#> [1556] "learning disabled high"              
#> [1557] "learning disabled and"               
#> [1558] "experimental group performed"        
#> [1559] "students junior high"                
#> [1560] "the number of"                       
#> [1561] "highly structured teacher"           
#> [1562] "6th graders computer"                
#> [1563] "disabled 3rd 6th"                    
#> [1564] "problem solving achievement"         
#> [1565] "problem solving were"                
#> [1566] "instruction elementary school"       
#> [1567] "half hour per"                       
#> [1568] "disabilities problem solving"        
#> [1569] "held calculator on"                  
#> [1570] "specific learning disabilities"      
#> [1571] "on mathematics achievement"          
#> [1572] "addition learning disabled"          
#> [1573] "mildly handicapped children"         
#> [1574] "hour per week"                       
#> [1575] "learning of"                         
#> [1576] "on learning disabled"                
#> [1577] "internal external locus"             
#> [1578] "learning disabilities mathematical"  
#> [1579] "who had conceptual"                  
#> [1580] "number of questions"                 
#> [1581] "iq full scale"                       
#> [1582] "full scale iq"                       
#> [1583] "and in"                              
#> [1584] "investigated the effects"            
#> [1585] "curriculum based measurement"        
#> [1586] "disabled students with"              
#> [1587] "grade learning disabled"             
#> [1588] "assisted instruction computer"       
#> [1589] "learning disabled junior"            
#> [1590] "learning disabled no"                
#> [1591] "particularly selective attention"    
#> [1592] "grouping self esteem"                
#> [1593] "secondary educable mentally"         
#> [1594] "mentally retarded children"          
#> [1595] "disabilities special education"      
#> [1596] "skin conductance level"              
#> [1597] "resource room programs"              
#> [1598] "disabled elementary school"          
#> [1599] "performed significantly better"      
#> [1600] "yr old male"                         
#> [1601] "problem solving task"                
#> [1602] "learning disabilities students"      
#> [1603] "elementary school aged"              
#> [1604] "active teaching paradigm"            
#> [1605] "significant differences in"          
#> [1606] "video game formats"                  
#> [1607] "computer assisted instructional"     
#> [1608] "learning disabled children"          
#> [1609] "the control groups"                  
#> [1610] "mentally retarded ss"                
#> [1611] "and practice activities"             
#> [1612] "learning disabled improved"          
#> [1613] "mentally retarded students"          
#> [1614] "with mild disabilities"              
#> [1615] "with learning disabled"              
#> [1616] "results indicate that"               
#> [1617] "instruction learning disabled"       
#> [1618] "educable mentally retarded"          
#> [1619] "of computer assisted"                
#> [1620] "junior high school"                  
#> [1621] "learning disabled ss"                
#> [1622] "this study was"                      
#> [1623] "mentally retarded yr"                
#> [1624] "educable mentally handicapped"       
#> [1625] "of this study"                       
#> [1626] "learning disabled adolescents"       
#> [1627] "to determine whether"                
#> [1628] "3rd 6th graders"                     
#> [1629] "arcade game formats"                 
#> [1630] "during computer assisted"            
#> [1631] "learning disabled 3rd"               
#> [1632] "4th 6th graders"                     
#> [1633] "with learning disabilities"          
#> [1634] "junior high schools"                 
#> [1635] "learning handicapped children"       
#> [1636] "word problem solving"                
#> [1637] "education special education"         
#> [1638] "results indicated that"              
# }